A short, sharp pain felt when drinking cold water or taking a sip of a hot beverage may be associated with tooth sensitivity. However, a similar pain can also stem from a cavity, a crack, or a problem with an existing filling. The right approach in treating tooth sensitivity begins with determining the cause of the complaint. Simply changing the temperature of food may not eliminate the issue that needs to be evaluated.

What causes tooth sensitivity?

Beneath the enamel on the outer surface of the tooth and the protective structures covering the root lies the dentin layer. Dentin contains microscopic tubules connected to the inner part of the tooth. Exposure of the dentin due to the loss of the protective covering or gum recession can lead to sensitivity to stimuli such as hot and cold.

Enamel wear, exposed root surfaces, and gum diseases are among the possible causes. In addition, tooth decay, cracks, and worn fillings can also cause similar complaints. Therefore, evaluating the tooth in question and its surrounding tissues is important. It is not possible to determine the cause of the complaint solely by looking at the severity of the pain.

The effect of daily habits

Brushing teeth with too much pressure and using a hard-bristled toothbrush can contribute to wear and gum recession. Frequent consumption of acidic foods and drinks can also affect the enamel surface. The habit of teeth clenching or grinding can be linked to wear and damage to the teeth.

Temporary sensitivity may occur after using some whitening products and following recent dental treatments. Even if a newly arising complaint is thought to be related to the procedure performed, ongoing or increasing pain should be shared with a dentist. Rather than neglecting oral care due to sensitivity, information on suitable products and brushing techniques should be sought.

How is sensitive teeth evaluated?

During the examination, it is important to note in which tooth the pain is felt, what triggers it, and how long it lasts. A short twinge that occurs only with cold is not evaluated in the same way as pain that starts spontaneously or lasts for a long time. If deemed necessary, imaging and other clinical evaluations can be carried out.

It may be helpful to write down your complaints in short notes before your appointment. Whether the pain is in a single tooth or multiple teeth, and its relation to hot, cold, or chewing can be shared during the consultation. Specifying the toothpaste you use and any whitening products you have also helps describe the complaint more clearly. These notes do not replace an examination.

How is tooth sensitivity treated?

For dentin sensitivity, the dentist may recommend a desensitising toothpaste or fluoride application. Regular use may be required for these products to be effective. Protective materials can be considered for exposed surfaces. In some cases related to gum loss, gum treatments may come onto the agenda.

If there is a cavity, crack, or filling issue, treatment is planned according to the relevant cause. Having sensitivity does not mean that root canal treatment is required on its own. If a problem related to the internal tissues of the tooth is detected, appropriate treatment options are evaluated separately. Which method is necessary is determined by a dentist's examination.

What can be done to reduce tooth sensitivity?

Brushing gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush, using fluoride toothpaste, and cleaning between the teeth are the fundamental steps of daily care. Avoiding abrasive products and limiting the consumption of acidic drinks can be beneficial. If teeth clenching is suspected, you can consult your dentist and evaluate the need for a protective mouthguard.

Schedule an examination for sensitivity that is recurring, increasing, or affecting daily life. Finding out the cause rather than constantly changing products to manage the complaint is a more informed step. You can request an appointment through BAU Dental Campus to have your tooth sensitivity evaluated and discuss suitable care and treatment options with your dentist. Do not forget to ask how to use the recommended products and when to return for a check-up during the consultation.